Since ancient times, people have been extremely fond of diamonds, even revered, saying that it is "the fragments of the stars" and "the tears of the goddess." The diamond was discovered in 2800 years ago by a small stone found in the sediments of the Krishna and Penna river basins in India. Since then, it has been discovered in Brazil (18th century) and South Africa (19th century). In the 20th century, it was discovered in countries such as Zaire, Russia, and Botswana. Later in Australia, Canada, China (Hunan: 1950; Shandong: 1965; Liaoning: 1972) also found great value diamond mines.

Diamond and diamond, which is made from natural mineral diamond. Diamond is a mineral of natural origin that is composed of carbon atoms and has a central crystal structure. It has a very high hardness (10 Mohs hardness) and is the hardest substance; it has a certain crystal form, generally an octahedron; it is brilliant and colorful; the output of nature is extremely rare (1ct gem-quality diamond can be produced for every 250 tons of ore mined) Therefore, it best meets the four criteria of gemstones: natural output; endurance (advertising words "diamonds are long-lasting, one forever"), high hardness, no wear; beautiful; rare. There is no such thing as the "king of gems".

Diamonds are made of natural diamonds, which are cut, processed and honed by hand to form various ornaments, collections and displays. Nowadays people often confuse the terms diamond and diamond. To date, less than 2,000 capsules have been found in the world (large particles over 100 carats), of which: more than 100ct: 1901

, more than 200ct: 259 capsules, more than 500ct: 20 capsules, more than 1000ct: 3 capsules, each diamond has its own name and a legend.

The early big diamonds eventually fell into the hands of the emperors and nobles as a symbol of wealth and dignity. The first large drill, Cullinan, was produced in 1905 at the Premiar mine in South Africa. Heavy 3106.75ct, light blue, fist size. It was acquired at £150,000. In 1907, he was presented to King Edward III and processed into 9 large diamonds. Cullinan I, II, III, ... IX weighed 530.20, 317.40, 94.40, ... 4.34ct. The largest number I is set on the king's scepter, the number II is now set in the crown of the king, and the number III is set in the crown of Queen Mary...

The second largest diamond, Aba Yidai, was 1680ct. It was discovered in Brazil in 1798. It was discovered by three prisoners (Portugal exiles prisoners to the colony for mining). It was discovered occasionally when looking for gold mines. Goose eggs are big and blue. The diamond was dedicated to the Portuguese royal family and the prisoner was forgiven. There is also a famous diamond called "Star of Hope", which is not heavy, 44.50ct. The legend is the piece of the Titanic heroine Rose. It is legendary and was produced in India in 1642. It is said in the hands of the master that it will be bad luck. It was passed from India to the rich merchants in France, and then to Louis XIV. The former was killed by a wild dog, and the latter died of smallpox. It was passed to Louis XV and was beheaded in the French Revolution; it was passed to Louis XVI and he was sent to the guillotine. After being stolen, he appeared in the London market and was bought by a banker, Hope. From then on, he was named "Star of Hope". Later, the banker was destitute; later he was transferred to the hands of Turkish businessmen. Turned over the cliff; in 1911, it was transferred to the United States and is now housed in a museum in the United States.

Diamonds are extremely precious, but the carbon elements that make up diamonds are everywhere. People have been experimenting with synthetic diamonds. It was finally realized in 1953. The first was the Swiss ASEA company, followed by the success of the American General Motors Synthetic Diamond in 1954. In 1961, Japan synthesized 3.5ct diamonds, and in 1970, the United States first synthesized gem-quality yellow diamonds. In 1988, De Beers of the United Kingdom synthesized 11.14ct yellow transparent octahedral twins. The former Soviet Union and China have also successively synthesized diamonds. The synthesis condition is to imitate the conditions of natural diamond formation, and convert graphite into diamond under high temperature and high pressure environment of 400,000 atmospheres and above 1500 °C. The synthetic diamonds are mostly amber and belong to the Ib type. The metal inclusions with fine Fe and Ni orientations in the crystal are reflected into small bright spots. There is no 415 nm absorption line under the beam splitter. Synthetic diamonds have been widely used in industry, and gem-quality diamonds are extremely expensive to synthesize and are rarely found on the market. In 1993, Russian synthetic diamonds were seen on the Bangkok market. In 2001, the US company Gemesis Corporation also sold synthetic diamonds in the Thai market. It is said to be half the price of natural diamonds.

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