Chitin, also known as chitin, chitin, chitosan, chitin, etc., is widely found in the shells of insects, aquatic crustaceans and cell walls of fungi and algae. It is a natural polymerization that is second only to cellulose. In addition to protein and renewable resources, it is also the largest natural organic compound containing nitrogen. Chitosan, also known as deacetylated chitosan, shell chitosan, etc., is a derivative of the chitin molecule that is deacetylated. When the degree of deacetylation of chitin reaches more than 55%, it can be referred to as chitosan.

(a) Preparation of Memanitin/Chitosan

The main source of chitin/chitosan is shrimp shell and crab shell. After the raw shrimp shell and crab shell were washed with water, the shrimp shell and crab shell were crushed and then impregnated with 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid at room temperature for 24 hours to convert the calcium carbonate contained in the shell into calcium chloride, which was removed after dissolution. After decalcification of the carapace, washed with water, in 3% to 4% of sodium hydroxide solution, boiled 4 ~ 6h, the protein dissolution, that is, crude chitin. The crude chitin was impregnated with stirring in 0.5% potassium permanganate for 1 hour, washed with water after being washed at 60 ~ 70°C in 1% oxalic acid for 30 ~ 40 min, and then decolorized. After sufficient washing and drying, white color was obtained. Pure chitin finished product.
The crude chitin obtained by the above method is heated at 140° C. with 50% NaOH for 3 h, and the obtained white precipitate is washed with water and dried to be chitosan.

Second, the spinning of chitosan/chitosan fiber

The chitin/chitosan fibers are generally produced by wet spinning. Firstly dissolve the chitin/chitosan in an appropriate solvent, and mix it into a spinning dope with a certain concentration, a certain viscosity and good stability. After defoaming by filtration, pressure the raw liquid from the orifice of the spinneret In the coagulation bath containing a coagulant, the raw liquid in the form of a fine stream is solidified into a solid fiber in a coagulation bath, and then subjected to post-treatments such as drawing, washing, and drying, to obtain a chitosan chitosan having a relatively high strength. fiber.

However, due to the special nature of the chitin macromolecular chain structure, it cannot be melted and is hardly soluble in common solvents, which brings inconvenience to the production of fibers. Chitosan is a deacetylated product of chitin, soluble in a dilute acid solution, can be easily dissolved, and is processed into fiber by wet spinning, providing convenience for fiber production. At present, the fiber products on the market are generally chitosan fiber, also called chitosan fiber.


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